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#12 Concept paper on "Software Freedom" to Microsoft Corporation on behalf of Kathmandu University

SOFTWARE FREEDOM 1.BACKGROUND It is a fact that Microsoft Cooperation is one of the best company in the field of information and technology. From the day of establishment, Microsoft Cooperation is wining hearts of many people. The products such as Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 10 are among the best and are still used world-wide. Only such big and best company can design the powerful and effective programming language, C#. The fact that Microsoft Cooperation is conducting research in different fields of data processing and Artificial Intelligence( AI ) overlaps the fact about Kathmandu University. Kathmandu University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering ( DoCSE ) has started a program on Data Processing and AI which has attracted all the data science enthusiast and AI  researchers. Kathmandu University has felt the need for Software Freedom form a long time to facilitate students and researchers. 2.PURPOSE The students and fac...

#11 Write an essay using Toulmin's model on an appropriate topic based on your reading of ' Keeping Errors at Bay'.

      Errors can be prevented by making an unprejudiced observation  Image source: Google Most of the errors can be prevented by making an unprejudiced observation ( Claim and Qualifier ). People are often prejudiced about something and they think their view is the right one despite being illogical. This makes them biased towards a particular way of thinking and blind to other aspects. They are prone to commit more errors than others. A conversation with an alcoholic gave me insight to how the mind of a prejudiced person works. As I was telling him about the disadvantages of drinking, he began to snap back the pleasure he felt while he was high. He was not ready to listen any of my advice and suggestion. He was firmly believed that there are more advantages to drinking than disadvantages. It felt almost impossible to change his mind on that aspect. He was indeed committing error, albeit the one having health consequences. But this error could co...

#10 Identify elements of Toulmin's model in Russel's essay 'Keeping Errors at Bay'.

Arguments often make their way to essays and writings in order to  give emphasis on an idea or to clarify certain meaning. Toulmin's model has been used in Russel's essay to throw light on the nature of commitment and prevention of error. Each element of Toulmin's model has been deployed to convey the message that error can be prevented by simple consciousness on our daily attitude,dogmatism and behavior.  The writer explicitly states that No superhuman genius is required to avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind are prone. This is the claim of the essay.  But the writer is cautious in limiting the scope of his argument to avoid possible oppositions. He has used qualifiers to make this essay seem more conceivable and grounded. He writes that a few simple rules will keep us, not from all but from silly errors. Here, a few,   simple and not from all are used as qualifiers . According to the essay, avoiding  prejudices and dogmatism...

#9 Chekhov presents various facets of human emotion. Justify with reference to any three emotions presented in the text.

Emotion is crucial in making a drama appear appealing to the audiences. Emotions connect the otherwise tasteless plot to the actual message that is intended to be conveyed. Chekhov nonetheless used his brilliant storytelling ability to present various facets of human emotion. Through the story of Svetlovidov, we are presented not only with the emotion of regret and rage towards the past, but also with the poetic feels of affection towards the women he loved. Through the subtle words and respectful courtesy of Nikita Ivanich, we finally perceive the emotion of Svetlovidov as that of a person surrendering to the fate of old age. The first instance of explicit emotion is the extreme rage shown by Svetlovidov. He is drunk and abandoned in the stage . Old age has consumed his abilities and there is no one to care for him. So, the aggression he displays at that moment is quite plausible. The next instance of emotion can be clearly pictured when Svetlovidov remembers how he had fallen in ...

#8 Discuss any five themes presented in Anton Chekhov's Swan song.

Anton Chekhov Themes are the messages to take home after reading any text. They connect  plot and character to  make a piece of text meaningful. Swan song also consists of themes regarding various aspects of emotions, life lessons and reminiscence. The major five themes that I found intriguing are discussed below: 1. The effect of old age and fear of end   Svetlovidov is an old man with no one to call his family. He is weak and tired. He wants to be nourished and cared but there is no one he can turn to .The effect of old age is that it has diminished his abilities and strength to perform on the stage. Loneliness has made him to feel like he is abandoned by God himself. It is normal for such person to remember and regret his past activities and fear the end that is coming. 2. Influence of society on psychology of  a person  The contemporary society of Russia is clearly presented in this drama including its social acceptance, values and viewpoint o...

#7 The author uses appropriate style in rendering his characters. Elucidate with refrence to any two instances.

We are only able to sync with a story through its characters. The appropriate character building is one of the major aspect needed to convey the message of the story. Chekhov has presented many themes in this drama only through two characters and has used appropriate style in rendering them relevant to the plot. The first instance is the character built of major protagonist Svetlovidov. The major theme of the story revolves around old age , regret , reminiscence and acceptance of fate. Svetlovidov has shown all behavior and characteristics expected of an old aged, abandoned dramatist. He shows rage towards the quick fleeing nature of time and youth. The author used the opportunity of drunkenness of svetlovidov to add various facets of emotion in the story. The incoherent monologue of a drunk person, the weakness and loneliness that comes with old age, the shift of tone along with the shift in emotions and the gradual acceptance of whims of life are the components of svetlovidovs...

#6 Essay on an issue presented in the four tusked elephant following the structure outlined by Toulmin.

Animal hunting and poaching is a serious crime. As seen in Armand Denis’ The four-Tusked Elephant, if a person is determined to do something for his sake, whatever the way is, he will end up doing it. Many animals may have lost lives for his search for the Four-Tusked elephant. The constitutions of different countries grants protection to these animals. And for the people trying to poach these animals, the constitutions grant severe punishment, which is imprisonment or fine. Some of the countries even grants death penalty for the person trying to defy Animal Protection Act. Source www.elephantjournal.com We can see lot of newspaper article quoting “Twelve people arrested with five tiger-skins” or “People trying to cross border with 15 Rhino horns taken into custody”. People risk their lives to kill animals and sell these animals’ body parts for money. The international market offer huge amount of money to tempt these peoples. Even with these strict rules, it i...

#5 Paragraph to demonstrate the understanding of Stephen Toulmin’s model of argument.

Marijuana Marijuana or Ganja or Weed or most popularly known nowadays Toop , is a medicinal herb that has been used since ages. People smoking marijuana are great. They are care free and have I-don’t-give-a-shit kind of attitude to the things that are not important to them. Most importantly, research has found that marijuana can heal different kinds of diseases, and can improve thinking capacity and focus concentration. A person who “uses ” marijuana in controlled manner can perform efficiently than an average non-smoker. It is even written in The Vedas that marijuana is very helpful for neurological system.  The Rishis and the Sadhoos, in the ancient times used to have longer life expectancy, they studied and followed Veda . It also helps in controlling and reducing body fat if used in a controlled manner. Nowadays, most of the people are abusing marijuana. Because of the abuse, they cannot perform efficiently in any fields. They seem to be lazy and inattent...

#4 Unethical Practices followed by Denis and Semmelweis

After going through the text, we realized all the troubles and hardship that Denis and Semmelweis had to overcome. Though they had different way of gathering a information. And on their way to gather information, they made lots of ethical breaches and followed unethical research practice. Animal poaching in Africa. Armand Denis indirectly supported animal hunting and poaching. No animals should be hurt during a research . Armand Denis also bribed to collect information. There are two instances where Armand Denis bribed people. He promised Pigneys with Tobacco in order to get information and to convince them to help him in his hunt of elephant king. Also in order to get the skull of that elephant, which was supposed to have four tusks, he had to promise the "African" guy with stuffs like Flash light and other things. On the other hand, Semmelweis treated pregnant women as test subjects. He subjected healthy women for his experimental verification. He was trying to ...

#3 Armand Denis and Ignaz Semmelweis. Differences? Similarities?

Armand Denis After going through the text, let us compare the research process followed by the researchers Armand Denis and Ignaz Semmelweis. Both Armand Denis and Ignaz Semmelweis were interested in a particular topic. They followed a hunch and got engaged in a field that were of their interest, through ups and downs, failure and most importantly, coincidences. Armand Denis started with an assumption about the existence of  the four-tusked elephant, asked about it to the Pigmeys, bribing them for information. He asked people to help him to verify the existence of the four-tusked elephant but wasn't completely prove his hypothesis. While on the other hand, Semmelweis started by observing the death of women in labor, read the medical documentations, examined if there were any trends, conducted experiments to reach the concrete conclusion. Both Armand Denis and Ignaz Semmelweis sought for the helping hands in their way of reaching the concrete hypothesis. Semmelweis was ...

#2 Difficulties faced by Armand Denis during his search for The Four-Tusked Elephant.

Four-Tusked Elephant's tusks found by Armand Denis During the search for the four-tusked elephant, Armand Denis had to overcome several difficulties. After he heard about the four-tusked elephant, no one was willing to help him search the four-tusked elephant. Every time he talked about the existence of the four-tusked elephant, people laughed at him, made fun of his idea. Though he managed to gather some for people and formed search party and searched for the four-tusked elephant, he had to return empty handed. He came across lots of hardship. After a year or so, he happened to meet some Finish people and overheard them talking about the four-tusked elephant. It gave him a light of hope and asked them about the four tusked elephant. But things were not on his side. After after overhearing about the four tusked elephant form the Finish people, he had to meet the "African" guy who was supposed to know about the whereabouts of the Four-Tusked Elephant. He ...